原文：《 iOS_Interface Essentials 》

作者：苹果公司

译者：泽泽先生 

正文：

Most iOS apps are built using components from UIKit, a programming framework that defines common interface elements. This framework lets apps achieve a consistent appearance across the system, while at the same time offering a high level of customization. UIKit elements are flexible and familiar. They’re adaptable, enabling you to design a single app that looks great on any iOS device, and they automatically update when the system introduces appearance changes. The interface elements provided by UIKit fit into three main categories:

大部分 iOS 应用程序都是使用 UIKit 组件构成的，UIkit 是一个定义公共界面元素的程序框架，这个框架结构使得应用程序能够在整个系统实现始终如一的外观，能够在同样的时间给用户提供一个更好的定制服务，UIkit 的基础是灵活和熟悉的，他们（UIkit）具有很强的适应性，使你能够设计一款在任何 iOS 设备上看起来都很不错的应用程序， 他们能够在系统外观更新时自动更新，UIkit 提供的界面元素主要分为三类：

Bars. Tell people where they are in your app, provide navigation, and may contain buttons or other elements for initiating actions and communicating information.

栏。告诉人们他们在你应用程序的什么位置，提供导航以及主要的控制按钮，或者包含启动操作或交流信息的其他基础元素。

注解：

Views. Contain the primary content people see in your app, such as text, graphics, animations, and interactive elements. Views can enable behaviors such as scrolling, insertion, deletion, and arrangement.

视图。包含人们在你应用程序中能够看到的主要内容，就像文本、图像、动效和交互元素，视图能够使滚动、插入、删除、排列等成为可能。

Controls. Initiate actions and convey information. Buttons, switches, text fields, and progress indicators are examples of controls.

控件。发起操作和传递信息，按钮、开关、文本框和步进器等是属于控件的几个例子。

In addition to defining the interface of iOS, UIKit defines functionality your app can adopt. Through this framework, for example, your app can respond to gestures on the touchscreen and enable features such as drawing, accessibility, and printing.

除了定义 iOS 界面元素，UIkit 还定义了你的应用程序可以采用的各种功能，纵观整个框架，你的应用程序可以响应触摸屏上的手势，并启用绘画、辅助功能和打印等功能。

iOS tightly integrates with other programming frameworks and technologies too, such as Apple Pay, HealthKit, and ResearchKit, enabling you to design amazingly powerful apps.

iOS 也同样与其他编程框架和技术紧密结合，像 Apple Pay、HealthKit、ResearchKit, 使你能够设计更令人惊讶及强大的应用程序成为可能。

注解：

我们来看看苹果在设计规范中对 UIkit 的概述：

“Overview”

概述

“The UIKit framework provides the required infrastructure for your iOS or tvOS apps. It provides the window and view architecture for implementing your interface, the event handling infrastructure for delivering Multi-Touch and other types of input to your app, and the main run loop needed to manage interactions among the user, the system, and your app. Other features offered by the framework include animation support, document support, drawing and printing support, information about the current device, text management and display, search support, accessibility support, app extension support, and resource management.”

“UIKit 框架为 iOS 或 tvOS 应用程序提供所需的基础架构。它提供了用于实现界面的窗口和视图体系结构、用于向应用程序传递多点触控和其他类型输入的事件处理基础结构，以及管理用户、系统和应用程序之间交互所需的主运行循环。该框架提供的其他功能包括动画支持、文档支持、绘图和打印支持、有关当前设备的信息、文本管理和显示、搜索支持、辅助功能支持、应用程序扩展支持和资源管理。”

——摘自《UIkit》（网址：https://developer.apple.com/documentation/uikit）

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